New Space is primarily defined by the commercialization of space activities at scales unanticipated by the foundational treaty regime, with private actors now occupying roles in launch, Earth observation, communications, and exploration that were once the near-exclusive province of states. This paradigm shift unfolds alongside dynamics that complicate its landscape. The militarization of the domain has intensified amid hybrid warfare, with commercial constellations now embedded in active conflicts and the dual-use distinction increasingly difficult to sustain. Concerns over the long-term sustainability of orbital activities have mounted as mega-constellations and debris populations strain the carrying capacity of low Earth orbit. A growing set of unilateral and plurilateral arrangements is shaping the interpretation of the foundational principles through coalitional practice rather than through the multilateral fora that those principles presuppose. These dynamics do not unfold within a single governance architecture. They pull in different directions, at different speeds, and draw on distinct sources of legitimacy. This conjuncture poses the following question: how do we constitute a metasystem to govern it?
